Great simplification pulsing lines

Ep 87  |  Graham Palmer

Graham Palmer: “Energy Storage and Civilization: A History”

Check out this podcast

TGS87 Graham Palmer The Great Simplification

Show Summary

On this episode, Nate is joined by Graham Palmer, a scholar and engineer in the field of energy. While this show frequently covers the importance of energy itself, this discussion focuses on how the ability to store and access energy has critically shaped societies. From agriculture, to wood, to coal, to oil, each transition has marked a new way for humans to interact with the world around them. What would it mean for economic growth if we no longer have access to these storable energies? What does the necessity of storability mean for electricity – an inherently flow-based energy form? Would human societies moving back to a flow-based energy system also mean once again becoming in-sync with the Earth and her ecosystems?

About Graham Palmer

Graham Palmer is a researcher at Monash University, with an industry background as an engineer and researcher in manufacturing, HVAC and electronics. He has published in the area of biophysical economics, renewable energy, life-cycle analysis, and energy-economic modeling. Graham obtained his PhD in the area of energy-return-on-investment (EROI) of electricity supply. His current research interests include the future role of emerging energy storage systems.

In French, we have a motto that says that a simple drawing is often better than a long explanation. Jean-Marc Jancovici Carbone 4 President

That’s very understandable because with left atmosphere thinking, one of the problems is that you see everything as a series of problems that must have solutions. Iain McGilchrist Neuroscientist and Philosopher

We can’t have hundreds and hundreds of real relationships that are healthy because that requires time and effort and full attention and awareness of being in real relationship and conversation with the other human. Nate Hagens Director of ISEOF

This is the crux of the whole problem. Individual parts of nature are more valuable than the biocomplexity of nature. Thomas Crowther Founder Restor

Show Notes & Links to Learn More

Download transcript

00:40 – Graham Palmer works, info

Recommended Reading from Graham Palmer:

Will Fossil Fuels Be Able to Maintain Economic Growth? A Q&A with Charles Hall – Scientific American

Why Don’t Well-Educated Adults Understand Accumulation? A Challenge to Researchers, Educators, and Citizens Matthew A. Cronin

02:16 – EROI

02:28 – Energy Storage and Civilization: A Systems Approach

04:38 – Wes Jackson5 Pools of Carbon

06:51 – Disease increased with the agricultural revolution

07:54 – James Scott Against The Grain

09:09 – Joseph Tainter + TGS Episode

10:35 – !Kung Bushman in the Kalahari Desert

11:24 – Bill Gammage How Aborigines Made Australia

17:16 – Energy quality of oil

17:55 – Shale oil

21:40 – Electricity is a flow, which is what makes it difficult to store

22:36 – TV Pickup

24:43 – Nate’s paper EROI of nuclear and wind handicapped on their storage ability

25:24 – Sharpe Ratio

28:55 – Material intensity of scaling batteries to meet demand

29:39 – Snowy Hydro in Australia cost double or more what expected

31:27 – Challenges of hydrogen

32:33 – Sodium batteries, other battery alternatives

33:41 – Technology lock-in

34:17 – Lifetimes of batteries and other renewable tech

35:05 – Recycling renewable and battery materials

37:02 – Increase in the use of all rare earth metals

41:54 – Australia’s energy transition, energy composition + AEMO Integrate Systems Plan

43:41 – Household Solar Photovoltaics: Supplier of Marginal Abatement, or Primary Source of Low-Emission Power? | Graham Palmer

45:30 – Simon Michaux + TGS Episodes Part 1, Part 2, and Part 3 + work on energy storage and material requirements

50;04 – Buckminster Fuller

51:02 – Sun Cable Project

56:50 – Australian housing crisis

59:59 – Care economy

1:02:03 – Sam Alexander and Josh Floyd

1:02:34 – Technocrat movement

1:03:45 – Vaclav Smil

Back to episodes
Why the West Can't Defend ItselfWith Craig TindaleThe Great SimplificationEp 207 | Craig Tindale

For decades, the West has outsourced its own material production to other countries, in favor of lower costs and short-term returns over more expensive, long-duration investments like mining and manufacturing. But while this has seemed like a success on the surface, it has left us with a society based on consumption, unable to produce what we need on our own. What are the deeper costs of this long-term offshoring – including for our geopolitical, climate, and technological ambitions? 

Watch nowJan 14, 2026
How We've 'Drugified' Our Entire ExistenceWith Anna LembkeThe Great SimplificationEp 206 | Anna Lembke

Dopamine: the most famous neurotransmitter that regulates pleasure, motivation, and (perhaps most importantly) addiction. When examining  why our society is hooked on consuming more and more of everything – food, clothes, videos, news, vacations – it’s imperative to look at how our modern environments hijack our brain’s dopamine, sending it into overdrive at nearly every turn. Could taking a closer look at how our societal norms make us more vulnerable to addiction help us transition to more balanced and mindful lifestyles?

Watch nowJan 7, 2026
End of Year ReflectionsWith Nate HagensThe Great SimplificationEp 205 | Nate Hagens

In this week’s episode, Nate reflects on four years(!) of the podcast by answering listener-submitted questions, which cover a broad range of topics related to The Great Simplification. He invites subscribers to investigate how they navigate a complex and ever-changing world, while avoiding overly prescriptive solutions that brush aside personal agency and the inherent uncertainty that exists in our world.

Watch nowDec 17, 2025

Subscribe to our Substack

The Institute for the Study of Energy and Our Future (ISEOF) is a 501(c)(3) non-profit corporation, founded in 2008, that conducts research and educates the public about energy issues and their impact on society.

Support our work
Get in touch
x